Population living in areas with at least one month of extreme heat (daily maximum heat index ≥ 40°C)
Share of people living where the heat index reached ≥40°C on at least 30 days in 2023, based on global reanalysis and population data.
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Key Insights
- •Humid tropical countries show the highest exposure shares, with some small island states approaching near-total population exposure.
- •Large South and Southeast Asian populations drive high exposure shares even when national averages mask subnational extremes.
- •Many temperate and high-latitude countries show near-zero exposure under the ≥30-days HI≥40°C criterion, highlighting strong geographic concentration of heat stress.
Country Rankings
Top 10 Countries
Bottom 10 Countries
Data Analysis
Value Distribution
How countries are distributed across the value range
Regional Comparison
Average values by world region (Global avg: 15.4%)
About This Statistic
This statistic estimates the share of each country’s population living in grid cells that experienced at least 30 days in 2023 where the daily maximum heat index (a measure combining temperature and humidity) reached 40°C or higher. It captures dangerous “feels-like” heat that increases risks of heat stress, especially for outdoor workers, older adults, and people without access to cooling.
The indicator is derived by overlaying a global gridded heat-index dataset (computed from meteorological reanalysis) with gridded population counts, then aggregating to national borders. Because it is exposure-based (population-weighted) rather than station-based, it better reflects where people actually live—highlighting that humid tropical and subtropical regions can experience high heat stress even when air temperatures are not the world’s highest.
Full Data
| Rank ↑ | Country ↕ | Value ↕ |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Maldives | 98.7% |
| 2 | India | 83.9% |
| 3 | Mauritius | 83.2% |
| 4 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 79.5% |
| 5 | Thailand | 78.8% |
| 6 | Indonesia | 77.2% |
| 7 | Republic of The Gambia | 76.8% |
| 8 | Philippines | 76.1% |
| 9 | Vanuatu | 74.4% |
| 10 | Malaysia | 72.6% |
| 11 | Sri Lanka | 71.8% |
| 12 | Somalia | 71.2% |
| 13 | Vietnam | 68.3% |
| 14 | Benin | 66.5% |
| 15 | Madagascar | 65.7% |
| 16 | Nigeria | 63.6% |
| 17 | Cambodia | 62.4% |
| 18 | Central African Republic | 61.3% |
| 19 | Togo | 58.9% |
| 20 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 58.4% |
| 21 | Papua New Guinea | 58.0% |
| 22 | Singapore | 57.9% |
| 23 | Ghana | 57.6% |
| 24 | Malawi | 56.8% |
| 25 | Burundi | 55.1% |
| 26 | Cote d'Ivoire | 52.3% |
| 27 | Timor-Leste | 49.6% |
| 28 | Republic of the Congo | 49.2% |
| 29 | Sierra Leone | 46.2% |
| 30 | Mozambique | 44.9% |
| 31 | Myanmar | 42.5% |
| 32 | Liberia | 42.1% |
| 33 | Mali | 41.9% |
| 34 | Eswatini | 41.2% |
| 35 | Cameroon | 39.8% |
| 36 | Burkina Faso | 37.3% |
| 37 | Gabon | 36.9% |
| 38 | Guinea | 34.7% |
| 39 | Pakistan | 33.7% |
| 40 | Panama | 32.8% |
| 41 | United Republic of Tanzania | 32.2% |
| 42 | South Sudan | 29.1% |
| 43 | Chad | 28.6% |
| 44 | Uganda | 22.7% |
| 45 | Niger | 22.5% |
| 46 | Djibouti | 21.4% |
| 47 | Zambia | 19.6% |
| 48 | Islamic Republic of Iran | 18.9% |
| 49 | Guatemala | 18.2% |
| 50 | Rwanda | 16.4% |
| 51 | Kenya | 13.8% |
| 52 | Eritrea | 12.6% |
| 53 | Guyana | 12.4% |
| 54 | Iraq | 9.6% |
| 55 | Ethiopia | 8.2% |
| 56 | Senegal | 6.8% |
| 57 | People's Republic of China | 4.7% |
| 58 | Mauritania | 4.1% |
| 59 | Sudan | 3.4% |
| 60 | Brazil | 3.1% |
| 61 | Kuwait | 2.7% |
| 62 | United Arab Emirates | 2.2% |
| 63 | Mexico | 2.1% |
| 64 | Egypt | 2.0% |
| 65 | Qatar | 1.9% |
| 66 | Oman | 1.4% |
| 67 | Bahrain | 1.2% |
| 68 | Saudi Arabia | 1.1% |
| 69 | Libya | 0.6% |
| 70 | Morocco | 0.2% |
| 71 | Tunisia | 0.2% |
| 72 | Israel | 0.1% |
| 73 | Algeria | 0.1% |
| 74 | Bulgaria | 0.0% |
| 75 | Belarus | 0.0% |
| 76 | Canada | 0.0% |
| 77 | Cape Verde | 0.0% |
| 78 | Cayman Islands | 0.0% |
| 79 | Chile | 0.0% |
| 80 | Colombia | 0.0% |
| 81 | Comoros | 0.0% |
| 82 | Costa Rica | 0.0% |
| 83 | Croatia | 0.0% |
| 84 | Cuba | 0.0% |
| 85 | Cyprus | 0.0% |
| 86 | Czech Republic | 0.0% |
| 87 | Denmark | 0.0% |
| 88 | Dominican Republic | 0.0% |
| 89 | Ecuador | 0.0% |
| 90 | El Salvador | 0.0% |
| 91 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.0% |
| 92 | Estonia | 0.0% |
| 93 | Faroe Islands | 0.0% |
| 94 | Fiji | 0.0% |
| 95 | Finland | 0.0% |
| 96 | France | 0.0% |
| 97 | Georgia | 0.0% |
| 98 | Greece | 0.0% |
| 99 | Haiti | 0.0% |
| 100 | Honduras | 0.0% |
| 101 | Hungary | 0.0% |
| 102 | Iceland | 0.0% |
| 103 | Ireland | 0.0% |
| 104 | Italy | 0.0% |
| 105 | Jamaica | 0.0% |
| 106 | Japan | 0.0% |
| 107 | Kazakhstan | 0.0% |
| 108 | Jordan | 0.0% |
| 109 | North Korea | 0.0% |
| 110 | South Korea | 0.0% |
| 111 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.0% |
| 112 | Lebanon | 0.0% |
| 113 | Lesotho | 0.0% |
| 114 | Latvia | 0.0% |
| 115 | Lithuania | 0.0% |
| 116 | Luxembourg | 0.0% |
| 117 | Mongolia | 0.0% |
| 118 | Moldova, Republic of | 0.0% |
| 119 | Montenegro | 0.0% |
| 120 | Namibia | 0.0% |
| 121 | Nepal | 0.0% |
| 122 | Netherlands | 0.0% |
| 123 | New Caledonia | 0.0% |
| 124 | New Zealand | 0.0% |
| 125 | Nicaragua | 0.0% |
| 126 | Norway | 0.0% |
| 127 | Paraguay | 0.0% |
| 128 | Peru | 0.0% |
| 129 | Poland | 0.0% |
| 130 | Portugal | 0.0% |
| 131 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.0% |
| 132 | Romania | 0.0% |
| 133 | Russian Federation | 0.0% |
| 134 | Serbia | 0.0% |
| 135 | Seychelles | 0.0% |
| 136 | Slovakia | 0.0% |
| 137 | South Africa | 0.0% |
| 138 | Zimbabwe | 0.0% |
| 139 | Spain | 0.0% |
| 140 | Suriname | 0.0% |
| 141 | Sweden | 0.0% |
| 142 | Switzerland | 0.0% |
| 143 | Syrian Arab Republic | 0.0% |
| 144 | Tajikistan | 0.0% |
| 145 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.0% |
| 146 | Türkiye | 0.0% |
| 147 | Turkmenistan | 0.0% |
| 148 | Ukraine | 0.0% |
| 149 | United Kingdom | 0.0% |
| 150 | United States of America | 0.0% |
| 151 | Uruguay | 0.0% |
| 152 | Uzbekistan | 0.0% |
| 153 | Venezuela | 0.0% |
| 154 | Samoa | 0.0% |
| 155 | Yemen | 0.0% |
| 156 | Afghanistan | 0.0% |
| 157 | Albania | 0.0% |
| 158 | Angola | 0.0% |
| 159 | Argentina | 0.0% |
| 160 | Australia | 0.0% |
| 161 | Austria | 0.0% |
| 162 | Bahamas | 0.0% |
| 163 | Bangladesh | 0.0% |
| 164 | Armenia | 0.0% |
| 165 | Barbados | 0.0% |
| 166 | Belgium | 0.0% |
| 167 | Bermuda | 0.0% |
| 168 | Bhutan | 0.0% |
| 169 | Bolivia | 0.0% |
| 170 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.0% |
| 171 | Botswana | 0.0% |
| 172 | Belize | 0.0% |
| 173 | Solomon Islands | 0.0% |
| 174 | Brunei Darussalam | 0.0% |
Topics
Data Source
This data comes from Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) ERA5 reanalysis; WorldPop (2023).
View Original Source