environmental2025
Lifecycle carbon intensity of electricity generation
Latest available country observation from Our World in Data, based on the chart's cited sources. The series currently runs through 2025; countries can have different observation years.
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Key Insights
Global Average
425.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour
Median: 474.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour
Countries Covered
213
with available data
Highest
Turkmenistan
1,306.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour
Lowest
Central African Republic
0.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour
Top 5 Countries
1Turkmenistan1,306.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour
2Falkland Islands (Malvinas)1,000.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour
3Montserrat1,000.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour
4Saint Helena1,000.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour
5Uzbekistan1,000.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour
By Region
Asia548.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour(27 countries)
Other468.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour(132 countries)
Africa413.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour(9 countries)
North America337.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour(4 countries)
Oceania309.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour(2 countries)
Country Rankings
Top 10 Countries
Bottom 10 Countries
Data Analysis
Value Distribution
How countries are distributed across the value range
Low (0.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour)High (1,306.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour)
Regional Comparison
Average values by world region (Global avg: 425.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour)
Asia (27)
Other (132)
Africa (9)
North America (4)
Oceania (2)
Europe (32)
South America (7)
Percentile Profile
The curve shows how values change from the lowest to the highest country. Steep sections reveal inequality or outliers.
0th percentile · lowest100th percentile · highest
About This Statistic
Latest available country observation from Our World in Data, based on the chart's cited sources. The series currently runs through 2025; countries can have different observation years. Source: Our World in Data.
Methodology
Country values are taken from the latest observation available in the linked source series.
Full Data
| Rank ↑ | Country ↕ | Value ↕ |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Turkmenistan | 1,306.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 2 | Falkland Islands (Malvinas) | 1,000.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 3 | Montserrat | 1,000.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 4 | Saint Helena | 1,000.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 5 | Uzbekistan | 1,000.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 6 | Bahrain | 902.2grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 7 | Brunei Darussalam | 892.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 8 | Botswana | 851.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 9 | Libya | 826.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 10 | Mongolia | 816.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 11 | Kazakhstan | 805.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 12 | Republic of the Congo | 716.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 13 | Syrian Arab Republic | 706.2grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 14 | South Africa | 699.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 15 | Bangladesh | 696.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 16 | Serbia | 695.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 17 | Saudi Arabia | 692.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 18 | Iraq | 683.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 19 | Trinidad and Tobago | 681.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 20 | Indonesia | 680.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 21 | Hong Kong | 675.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 22 | Niger | 673.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 23 | India | 670.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 24 | Republic of The Gambia | 666.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 25 | Grenada | 666.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 26 | Timor-Leste | 666.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 27 | Western Sahara | 666.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 28 | Islamic Republic of Iran | 659.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 29 | Puerto Rico | 654.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 30 | Bahamas | 653.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 31 | Saint Lucia | 650.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 32 | Virgin Islands, British | 647.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 33 | Guyana | 644.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 34 | Equatorial Guinea | 644.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 35 | Comoros | 642.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 36 | South Sudan | 642.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 37 | Cuba | 642.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 38 | Mauritius | 642.2grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 39 | Bermuda | 639.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 40 | Solomon Islands | 636.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 41 | Kuwait | 635.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 42 | Cayman Islands | 633.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 43 | Taiwan, Province of China | 633.2grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 44 | Moldova, Republic of | 633.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 45 | Algeria | 632.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 46 | Virgin Islands, U.S. | 632.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 47 | Azerbaijan | 631.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 48 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 629.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 49 | Guinea-Bissau | 625.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 50 | Chad | 621.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 51 | Maldives | 611.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 52 | American Samoa | 611.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 53 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 608.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 54 | Guam | 607.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 55 | Malaysia | 602.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 56 | Dominica | 600.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 57 | Nauru | 600.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 58 | Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 600.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 59 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 600.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 60 | Morocco | 596.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 61 | Antigua and Barbuda | 594.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 62 | Barbados | 594.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 63 | Yemen | 592.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 64 | Gibraltar | 590.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 65 | Poland | 588.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 66 | Philippines | 588.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 67 | Benin | 584.2grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 68 | Qatar | 581.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 69 | Eritrea | 577.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 70 | Tonga | 571.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 71 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 570.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 72 | Egypt | 563.2grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 73 | Jamaica | 563.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 74 | Burkina Faso | 562.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 75 | New Caledonia | 560.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 76 | Tunisia | 560.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 77 | Sao Tome and Principe | 555.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 78 | Seychelles | 555.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 79 | Aruba | 550.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 80 | Thailand | 545.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 81 | Oman | 544.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 82 | Senegal | 540.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 83 | Mali | 538.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 84 | Dominican Republic | 537.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 85 | Haiti | 534.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 86 | Martinique | 529.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 87 | Jordan | 529.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 88 | People's Republic of China | 525.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 89 | Australia | 525.2grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 90 | Gabon | 523.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 91 | Papua New Guinea | 513.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 92 | Mauritania | 512.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 93 | Somalia | 511.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 94 | Myanmar | 503.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 95 | Kiribati | 500.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 96 | Vanuatu | 500.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 97 | Cambodia | 498.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 98 | Singapore | 497.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 99 | Guadeloupe | 497.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 100 | Israel | 492.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 101 | Cyprus | 489.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 102 | Malta | 484.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 103 | Bolivia | 481.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 104 | Japan | 477.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 105 | Türkiye | 474.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 106 | Macao | 474.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 107 | Mexico | 474.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 108 | Ghana | 468.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 109 | United Arab Emirates | 467.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 110 | Cape Verde | 461.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 111 | Vietnam | 460.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 112 | Nigeria | 455.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 113 | Djibouti | 450.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 114 | Russian Federation | 449.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 115 | The Republic of North Macedonia | 441.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 116 | Madagascar | 432.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 117 | French Polynesia | 430.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 118 | Togo | 422.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 119 | South Korea | 417.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 120 | State of Palestine | 414.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 121 | Cote d'Ivoire | 405.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 122 | Czech Republic | 401.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 123 | Reunion | 394.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 124 | Lebanon | 389.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 125 | United States of America | 384.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 126 | Zimbabwe | 384.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 127 | Samoa | 375.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 128 | Rwanda | 354.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 129 | Faroe Islands | 346.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 130 | Pakistan | 346.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 131 | Argentina | 346.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 132 | United Republic of Tanzania | 345.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 133 | North Korea | 340.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 134 | Germany | 329.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 135 | Sri Lanka | 329.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 136 | Honduras | 322.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 137 | Suriname | 321.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 138 | Estonia | 319.2grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 139 | Liberia | 315.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 140 | Greece | 315.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 141 | Belarus | 309.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 142 | Guatemala | 301.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 143 | Nicaragua | 300.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 144 | Chile | 289.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 145 | Italy | 284.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 146 | Fiji | 278.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 147 | Bulgaria | 275.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 148 | Montenegro | 264.2grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 149 | Ireland | 256.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 150 | Netherlands | 253.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 151 | Romania | 250.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 152 | Ukraine | 250.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 153 | Cook Islands | 250.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 154 | French Guiana | 244.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 155 | Peru | 238.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 156 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 232.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 157 | Cameroon | 225.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 158 | Panama | 221.2grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 159 | United Kingdom | 217.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 160 | Armenia | 211.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 161 | Canada | 190.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 162 | Colombia | 186.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 163 | Angola | 185.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 164 | Burundi | 183.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 165 | Slovenia | 183.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 166 | Guinea | 181.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 167 | Belize | 170.2grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 168 | Hungary | 163.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 169 | Ecuador | 159.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 170 | Croatia | 158.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 171 | Sudan | 153.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 172 | Spain | 153.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 173 | Kyrgyzstan | 152.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 174 | Greenland | 150.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 175 | Belgium | 149.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 176 | Georgia | 145.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 177 | El Salvador | 139.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 178 | Latvia | 138.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 179 | Lithuania | 138.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 180 | Afghanistan | 131.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 181 | Eswatini | 131.2grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 182 | Mozambique | 129.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 183 | Portugal | 127.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 184 | Luxembourg | 123.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 185 | Zambia | 119.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 186 | Austria | 116.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 187 | Denmark | 114.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 188 | Brazil | 110.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 189 | Kenya | 95.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 190 | Slovakia | 94.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 191 | New Zealand | 92.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 192 | Venezuela | 85.9grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 193 | Uruguay | 80.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 194 | Tajikistan | 72.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 195 | Uganda | 58.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 196 | Finland | 57.5grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 197 | Malawi | 54.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 198 | Namibia | 48.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 199 | Sierra Leone | 47.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 200 | France | 41.4grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 201 | Switzerland | 39.2grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 202 | Sweden | 35.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 203 | Norway | 28.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 204 | Iceland | 27.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 205 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 27.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 206 | Albania | 25.2grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 207 | Paraguay | 24.7grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 208 | Nepal | 24.3grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 209 | Costa Rica | 24.2grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 210 | Bhutan | 23.6grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 211 | Ethiopia | 23.1grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 212 | Lesotho | 20.8grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
| 213 | Central African Republic | 0.0grams of CO₂ equivalents per kilowatt-hour |
Showing 213 of 213 countries
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Data Source
This data comes from Our World in Data (2025).
View Original Source